Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8

2.8inch Touch Display Module for Raspberry Pi Pico
262K Colors, 320 × 240, SPI

Overview

2.8inch resistive touch display module for Raspberry Pi Pico, 262K colors, 320 × 240 pixels, onboard resistive touch controller XPT2046, Micro SD card slot, SPI interface.

Specification

Parameter
Working Voltage	5V	Resolution	320 × 240 Pixels
Communication Interface	SPI	Display Dimension	57.60 × 43.20 mm
Display Panel	IPS	Pixel Size	0.18 × 0.18 mm
Control Chip	ST7789	Dimension	70.20 × 50.20 mm

Hardware connection

Please take care of the direction when you connect Pico, an USB port is printed to indicate. You can also check the pins of Pico and the LCD board when connecting.
You can connect the display according to the table.

LCD	Pico	Description
VCC	VSYS	Power input
GND	GND	GND
SDIO_CLK	GP5	SCK pin of SDIO interface, clock input for slave device
LCD_DC	GP8	Data/Command control pin (High: data; Low: command)
LCD_CS	GP9	Chip select pin of LCD (Low active)
LCD_CLK	GP10	SPI CLK pin, clock input for slave device
MOSI	GP11	SPI MOSI pin, data input for slave device
MISO	GP12	SPI MISO pin, data output for slave device
LCD_BL	GP13	LCD backlight control
LCD_RST	GP15	LCD reset pin (Low active)
TP_CS	GP16	Touch controller chip select (Low active)
TP_IRQ	GP17	Touch controller interrupt pin (Low active)
SDIO_CMD	GP18	SDIO CMD pin
D0	GP19	SDIO D0 pin
D1	GP20	SDIO D1 pin
D2	GP21	SDIO D2 pin
SD_CS/D3	GP22	SDIO CS/D3 pin

Features

320 × 240 resolution, IPS screen, 262K RGB, clear and colorful displaying effect.
Dedicated touch controller, bringing more smooth touching effect than AD-controlled solutions.
MicroSD card slot for storing images and direct displaying them easily.
Programmable backlight control, power saving.
Comes with online development resources and manual (Raspberry Pi Pico C/C++ and MicroPython examples).

Pin

The built-in controller used by this LCD is ST7789VW, which is an LCD controller with 240 x RGB x 320 pixels, while the pixels of this LCD itself are 240 (H) RGB x 320 (V), and the internal RAM of the LCD has been fully used. The LCD supports 16-bit or 18-bit input color formats per pixel, namely RGB565 and RGB666. The test demo uses RGB565 color format, which is a commonly used RGB format. LCD uses a four-wire SPI communication interface, which can greatly save GPIO ports, At the same time, the communication speed will be faster. The maximum SPI write speed tested is 60MHz.

Note: The difference with the traditional SPI protocol is that the data cable sent from the slave to the host is hidden because it only needs to be displayed. For details, please refer to Datasheet Page 55 (8.4 Serial Interface).

RESX (LCD_RST) indicates reset, usually set to 1 and is pulled low when the module is powered on.
CSX (LCD_CS) indicates the slave chip selection and the chip is enabled when CS is low.
D/CX (LCD_DC) indicates the chip data/command control pin. When DC=0, it is writing commands. When DC=1, it is writing data.
SDA (MOSI) is the transmitted data, that is, RGB data.
SCL (CLK) is the SPI clock.
For SPI communication, the data has transmission order, that is the combination of clock phase (CPHA) and clock polarity (CPOL).
The level of CPHA determines whether the serial synchronization clock data is collected on the first clock transition edge or the second clock transition edge. When CPHA = 0, data acquisition is performed on the first transition edge.
The level of CPOL determines the idle state level of the serial synchronous clock. CPOL = 0, which is a low level.
As can be seen from the figure, at the first falling edge of SCLK, data starts to be transmitted, 8bit data is transmitted in one clock cycle, using SPI0, bit-wise transmission, high-order first, and low-order last.

Dimension

Connection

LCD	Pico	Function
VCC	VSYS	Power Input
GND	GND	Ground
SDIO_CLK	GP5	SDIO interface SCK pin, clock input from device
LCD_DC	GP8	Data/command control pin (high for data, low for command)
LCD_CS	GP9	LCD chip select pin (low active)
LCD_CLK	GP10	SPI communication CLK pin, clock input from device
MOSI	GP11	SPI communication MOSI pin, data input from device
MISO	GP12	SPI communication MISO pin, data output from device
LCD_BL	GP13	Backlight control
LCD_RST	GP15	LCD reset pin (low active）
TP_CS	GP16	Touch chip selection pin（low active）
TP_IRQ	GP17	Touch interrupt pin（low active）
SDIO_CMD	GP18	SDIO interface CMD pin
D0	GP19	SDIO interface D0 pin
D1	GP20	SDIO interface D1 pin
D2	GP21	SDIO interface D2 pin
SD_CS/D3	GP22	SDIO interface CS/D3 pin

Pay attention to the connection direction of the Pico, the USB of the Pico should be in the same direction as the MicroSD card.

Setup Environment

We test the demo with Arduino IDE, VScode(cmake) and Thonny, click to download the related IDE, and open Arduino IDE and Thonny after installation.

1. Please install Pico SDK in Arduino IDE, click Tools -> Board -> Boards Manager in the menu bar and search for Raspberry Pi Pico, find the corresponding library, and click Install to install it, as shown in the figure below:

2. Please refer to The C/C++ SDK and 9.2. Building on MS Windows in GET-START document for the compilation environment of VScode(Cmake).

3. Please refer to the official micropython document to set up the environment, and select the Raspberry Pi Pico device in Thonny through Tools->Options->Interpreter. As shown below:

Download Demo codes

Click to download the sample demo.
Please open the VScode (Cmake) project with VScode software.
Unzip the sample demo and click ".ino" to open the Arduino demo. Please upload the Micropython sample demo to the Pico document system. As shown below:

Run the Demo

Arduino

1. Open Arduino IDE or ".ino" sample program. Click "Tools->Board->Raspberry Pi Pico" in the menu bar. As shown below.

2. Install the TFT_eSPI library, click Tools->Manage Library in the menu bar, search for TFT_eSPI and click Install.

3. To configure the driver file, open the Arduino library file directory, usually in C:\Users\xxxx\Documents\Arduino\libraries\TFT_eSPI\.

For ResTouch-LCD-3.5, replace the two files in the TFT_eSPI library, (User_Setups\Setup60_RP2040_ILI9341.h) and (User_Setup_Select.h), with the files in the Arduino\ResTouch-LCD-3.5 folder.
For ResTouch-LCD-2.8, replace the three files in the TFT_eSPI library, (User_Setups\Setup23_TTGO_TM.h), (User_Setup_Select.h) and (TFT_eSPI.h), with the files in the Arduino\ResTouch-LCD-2.8 folder.

4. The "ino" file is in TFT_eSPI -> examples. Select the example program under File-Examples->TFT_eSPI->480*320 in the menu bar, and then click Upload under Edit to download the code to Pico.

VScode(Cmake)

Open the c project with VScode, and then compile and download.

Micropython

Open Thonny IDE, and save the file under "python/2inch8/" to the Pico file system, as shown in the figure. And the same for ResTouch-LCD-3.5.

Codes Analysis

The example will display strings, figures, images, and finally the touch pad function. The C demo is for Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8 and Pico-ResTouch-LCD-3.5. In the main function, we place the three main functions in order and place TP_DrawBoard(); in an infinite loop to achieve the above function.

GUI_Show();
LCD_Show_bmp(Bmp_ScanDir , Lcd_ScanDir);	
TP_DrawBoard();

Note: Before you test the LCD_ShowBMP example for displaying pictures, you need to copy the picture from the PIC folder to the root directory of a micro SD card, and insert the SD card into the slot in the backside of the LCD. Then run the examples.

The micro SD card should be in FAT format, and the resolution of pictures used should be the same as the LCD, for a 2.8-inch LCD, it is 320 × 240, and 480 × 320 for a 3.5-inch LCD if the picture is in 24bit BMP format.

The LCD controller is ST7789, we need to initialize the controller through the SPI communication protocol, which is done in LCD_Driver.c file.
And being called in lcd_test.c file:

 System_Init();//System initialization, configure the baud rate of the serial port and SPI interface...<br/>

  LCD_SCAN_DIR Lcd_ScanDir = SCAN_DIR_DFT; //Set the scan mode <br/>
  LCD_Init( Lcd_ScanDir, 200);//Initialize LCD panel, confirm the scan mode and the brightness<br/>

GUI functions are all saved in LCD_GUI.c file, you can call them to draw the display. The function and the parameters of each function are explained in the source code, and can be called directly when needed.

Draw point

void GUI_DrawPoint(POINT Xpoint, POINT Ypoint, COLOR Color,
                   DOT_PIXEL Dot_Pixel, DOT_STYLE DOT_STYLE)

Draw the line (dotted or solid):

void GUI_DrawLine(POINT Xstart, POINT Ystart, POINT Xend, POINT Yend,
                  COLOR Color, LINE_STYLE Line_Style, DOT_PIXEL Dot_Pixel)

Draw a rectangle (empty or filled)

void GUI_DrawRectangle(POINT Xstart, POINT Ystart, POINT Xend, POINT Yend,
                       COLOR Color, DRAW_FILL Filled, DOT_PIXEL Dot_Pixel)

Draw a circle (empty or filled)

void GUI_DrawCircle(POINT X_Center, POINT Y_Center, LENGTH Radius,
                    COLOR Color, DRAW_FILL  Draw_Fill , DOT_PIXEL Dot_Pixel)

Display character

void GUI_DisChar(POINT Xpoint, POINT Ypoint, const char Acsii_Char,
                 sFONT* Font, COLOR Color_Background, COLOR Color_Foreground)

Display string

void GUI_DisString_EN(POINT Xstart, POINT Ystart, const char * pString,
                      sFONT* Font, COLOR Color_Background, COLOR Color_Foreground )

Display number

void GUI_DisNum(POINT Xpoint, POINT Ypoint, int32_t Nummber,
                sFONT* Font, COLOR Color_Background, COLOR Color_Foreground )

Display time

void GUI_Showtime(POINT Xstart, POINT Ystart, POINT Xend, POINT Yend,
                  DEV_TIME *pTime, COLOR Color)

In the example, this demo shows that the BMP picture first reads the picture data in the BMP format on the SD card through the SPI protocol and displays it.
In lcd_test.c file, we use two functions for display pictures:

SD_Init();//Initialize SD card

LCD_Show_bmp(bmp_scan_dir,lcd_scan_dir);//Display BMP picture

These functions are written in LCD_Bmp.c, actually read the picture data in the BMP format with a specific file name from the SD card and then call the display function written by ourselves to "express" the data as an image again.

In LCD_Touch.c file:

  TP_Init( Lcd_ScanDir );//Initialize the touch panel and the parameter is the scan mode

  TP_GetAdFac();//Calibrate the display

  TP_Dialog();//Clear

  TP_DrawBoard();//Enable the drawing board

There will be five colors on the right side of the screen, the default color is black, touch them to select the pen color; click the AD button, and follow the on-screen prompts to click the red + sign to calibrate the screen; click the CLEAR button in upper right corner to clear the drawing board
The touch experiment uses four sets of calibration values by default, which can meet the brush operations in four directions. There are five color choices on the right, and the default brush size is 9 pixels.
The functions for touching are saved in the LCD_Touch.c file.

There are five font libraries available.

   Width 5, Height 8     font8
   Width 7, Height 12    font12
   Width 11, Height 16   font16
   Width 14, Height 20   font20
   Width 17, Height 24   font24

If you need characters in different sizes and fonts, you can generate the font library you want with the font extraction software provided in the #Resource.
In fact, you can use the Image2Lcd software to convert a picture to arrays and display them by the functions in the example.
Datasheet of chips is provided, you can read them for more information.

Resource

Documents

Demo codes

Examples

Development Software

Pico Getting Started

Firmware Download

MicroPython Firmware Download

C_Blink Firmware Download

Introduction

Raspberry Pi Pico Basics

MicroPython Series

Install Thonny IDE

In order to facilitate the development of Pico/Pico2 boards using MicroPython on a computer, it is recommended to download the Thonny IDE

Download Thonny IDE and follow the steps to install, the installation packages are all Windows versions, please refer to Thonny's official website for other versions
After installation, the language and motherboard environment need to be configured for the first use. Since we are using Pico/Pico2, pay attention to selecting the Raspberry Pi option for the motherboard environment

Configure MicroPython environment and choose Pico/Pico2 port
- Connect Pico/Pico2 to your computer first, and in the lower right corner of Thonny left-click on the configuration environment option --> select Configture interpreter
- In the pop-up window, select MicroPython (Raspberry Pi Pico), and choose the corresponding port

Flash Firmware

Click OK to return to the Thonny main interface, download the corresponding firmware library and burn it to the device, and then click the Stop button to display the current environment in the Shell window
Note: Flashing the Pico2 firmware provided by Micropython may cause the device to be unrecognized, please use the firmware below or in the package
- Pico firmware library
- Pico2 firmware library
How to download the firmware library for Pico/Pico2 in windows: After holding down the BOOT button and connecting to the computer, release the BOOT button, a removable disk will appear on the computer, copy the firmware library into it
How to download the firmware library for RP2040/RP2350 in windows: After connecting to the computer, press the BOOT key and the RESET key at the same time, release the RESET key first and then release the BOOT key, a removable disk will appear on the computer, copy the firmware library into it (you can also use the Pico/Pico2 method)

MicroPython Series

【MicroPython】 machine.Pin class function details
【MicroPython】machine.PWM class function details
【MicroPython】machine.ADC class function details
【MicroPython】machine.UART class function details
【MicroPython】machine.I2C class function details
【MicroPython】machine.SPI class function details
【MicroPython】rp2.StateMachine class function details

C/C++ Series

For C/C++, it is recommended to use Pico VS Code for development. This is a Microsoft Visual Studio Code extension designed to make it easier for you to create, develop, and debug projects for the Raspberry Pi Pico series development boards. No matter if you are a beginner or an experienced professional, this tool can assist you in developing Pico with confidence and ease. Here's how to install and use the extension.

Official website tutorial: https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/pico-vscode-extension/
This tutorial is suitable for Raspberry Pi Pico, Pico2 and the RP2040 and RP2350 series development boards developed by Waveshare
The development environment defaults to Windows11. For other environments, please refer to the official tutorial for installation

Install VSCode

First, click to download pico-vscode package, unzip and open the package, double-click to install VSCode

Note: If vscode is installed, check if the version is v1.87.0 or later

Install Extension

Click Extensions and select Install from VSIX
Select the package with the vsix suffix and click Install
Then vscode will automatically install raspberry-pi-pico and its dependency extensions, you can click Refresh to check the installation progress
The text in the right lower corner shows that the installation is complete. Close VSCode

Configure Extension

Open directory C:\Users\username and copy the entire .pico-sdk to that directory
The Copy is completed

Open vscode and configure the paths for the Raspberry Pi Pico extensions

The configuration is as follows:

Cmake Path:
${HOME}/.pico-sdk/cmake/v3.28.6/bin/cmake.exe

Git Path:
${HOME}/.pico-sdk/git/cmd/git.exe    

Ninja Path:
${HOME}/.pico-sdk/ninja/v1.12.1/ninja.exe

Python3 Path:
${HOME}/.pico-sdk/python/3.12.1/python.exe

New Project

The configuration is complete, create a new project, enter the project name, select the path, and click Create to create the project
To test the official example, you can click on the Example next to the project name to select
The project is created successfully
Select the SDK version
Select Yes for advanced configuration
Choose the cross-compilation chain, 13.2.Rel1 is applicable for ARM cores, RISCV.13.3 is applicable for RISCV cores. You can select either based on your requirements
Select default for CMake version (the path configured earlier)
Select default for Ninjaversion
Select the development board
Click Complie to compile
The uf2 format file is successfully compiled

Import Project

The Cmake file of the imported project cannot have Chinese (including comments), otherwise the import may fail
To import your own project, you need to add a line of code to the Cmake file to switch between pico and pico2 normally, otherwise even if pico2 is selected, the compiled firmware will still be suitable for pico

set(PICO_BOARD pico CACHE STRING "Board type")

Update Extension

The extension version in the offline package is 0.15.2, and you can also choose to update to the latest version after the installation is complete

Arduino IDE Series

Install Arduino IDE

First, go to Arduino official website to download the installation package of the Arduino IDE.
Here, you can select Just Download.
Once the download is complete, click Install.

Notice: During the installation process, it will prompt you to install the driver, just click Install

Arduino IDE Interface

After the first installation, when you open the Arduino IDE, it will be in English. You can switch to other languages in File --> Preferences, or continue using the English interface.
In the Language field, select the language you want to switch to, and click OK.

Install Arduino-Pico Core in the Arduino IDE

Open the Arduino IDE, click on the file in the top left corner, and select Preferences

Add the following link to the attached board manager URL, and then click OK

https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/releases/download/4.0.2/package_rp2040_index.json

Note: If you already have an ESP32 board URL, you can use a comma to separate the URLs as follows:

https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json,https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/releases/download/4.0.2/package_rp2040_index.json

Click Tools > Development Board > Board Manager > Search pico, as my computer has already been installed, it shows that it is installed

Upload Demo at the First Time

Press and hold the BOOTSET button on the Pico board, connect the pico to the USB port of the computer via the Micro USB cable, and release the button after the computer recognizes a removable hard disk (RPI-RP2).
Download the program and open D1-LED.ino under the arduino\PWM\D1-LED path
Click Tools --> Port, remember the existing COM, do not click this COM (the COM displayed is different on different computers, remember the COM on your own computer)
Connect the driver board to the computer using a USB cable. Then, go to Tools > Port. For the first connection, select uf2 Board. After uploading, when you connect again, an additional COM port will appear
Click Tools > Development Board > Raspberry Pi Pico > Raspberry Pi Pico or Raspberry Pi Pico 2
After setting it up, click the right arrow to upload the program

If issues arise during this period, and if you need to reinstall or update the Arduino IDE version, it is necessary to uninstall the Arduino IDE completely. After uninstalling the software, you need to manually delete all contents within the C:\Users\[name]\AppData\Local\Arduino15 folder (you need to show hidden files to see this folder). Then, proceed with a fresh installation.

Open Source Demos

MircoPython video demo (github)
MicroPython firmware/Blink demos (C)
Raspberry Pi official C/C++ demo (github)
Raspberry Pi official micropython demo (github)
Arduino official C/C++ demo (github)

FAQ

Question:What's the maximum power consumption of Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8?

Answer:

5V/140mA.

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Question:What sizes are supported by the SD card demo of the Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8?

Answer:

8GB and 16GB.

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Question:Is the Micropython demo of Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8 compatible with the Pico W?

Answer:

No, it is because the memory of the Pico W is limited by its firmware, and there is no more space for Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8 usage.

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Question:Why there is no "ino" file in the Arduino example of Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8?

Answer:

As the Arduino example of the Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8 uses the TFT_eSPI library, we just modify some key files and other files remain unchanged, so if you need to access "ino" file, you can use the TFT_eSPI example at .\TFT_eSPI\examples.

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Question:Why the Micropython example code for Pico-ResTouch-LCD-2.8 does not include code for displaying images or rotating?

Answer:

It is because the mpy firmware consumes too much memory, and there is no memory available for displaying image files or rotating the display direction. If you need to display images or rotate the display direction using Micropython, you will need to write your mpy firmware and remove unnecessary libraries to reduce the firmware's memory. Alternatively, you can use C examples where you can write firmware yourself and directly display bitmaps.

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