Pico LCD 1.44

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Pico LCD 1.44
Pico-LCD-1.3-1.jpg

1.44inch LCD Display Module for Raspberry Pi Pico, 65K Colors, 128 × 128, SPI
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Overview

1.44inch LCD Display Module For Raspberry Pi Pico, 65K RGB Colors, 128 × 128 Pixels, SPI Interface.

Features

  • 128 × 128 resolution, 65K RGB colors, clear and colorful displaying effect.
  • SPI interface, requires minimal IO pins.
  • 4 x user buttons for easy interaction.

Specifications

  • Operating voltage: 3.3V
  • Resolution: 128 × 128 pixels
  • Communication interface: 4-wire SPI
  • Display size: 25.50 × 26.50 mm
  • Display panel: TFT
  • Pixel size: 0.20 × 0.20 mm
  • Driver: ST7735S
  • Dimensions 52.0 × 30.0 mm

Pinout

Pico-LCD-1.44-details-inter.jpg

Dimension

Pico-LCD-1.44-details-size.jpg

LCD and the controller

ST7735S is a 132*162 pixel LCD controller, and this product is a 128*128 pixel LCD, so some processing has been done on the display: the display starts from the second pixel in the horizontal direction, so that the display can be guaranteed. At that time, the position corresponding to the RAM in the LCD is consistent with the actual position.
The LCD supports 12-bit, 16-bit, and 18-bit input color formats per pixel, namely RGB444, RGB565, and RGB666 three color formats, this routine uses RGB565 color format, which is also a commonly used RGB format.
The LCD uses a four-wire SPI communication interface, which can greatly save the GPIO port, and the communication speed will be faster.

Working Protocol

0.96inch lcd module spi.png
Note: Different from the traditional SPI protocol, the data line from the slave to the master is hidden since the device only has a display requirement.
RESX Is the reset pin, it should be low when powering the module and be higher at other times;
CSX is a slave chip select, when CS is low, the chip is enabled.
D/CX is data/command control pin, when DC = 0, write command, when DC = 1, write data
SDA is the data pin for transmitting RGB data, it works as the MOSI pin of the SPI interface;
SCL works the SCLK pins of the SPI interface.
SPI communication has data transfer timing, which is combined by CPHA and CPOL.
CPOL determines the level of the serial synchronous clock at an idle state. When CPOL = 0, the level is Low. However, CPOL has little effect on the transmission.
CPHA determines whether data is collected at the first clock edge or at the second clock edge of the serial synchronous clock; when CPHL = 0, data is collected at the first clock edge.
There are four SPI communication modes. SPI0 is commonly used, in which CPHL = 0, CPOL = 0.

Pico Quick Start

Hardware connection

Please take care of the direction when you connect Pico, a USB port is printed to indicate. You can also check the pin of Pico and the LCD board when connecting.
You can connect the display according to the table.

Pico Pin Correspondence
LCD Pico Function
VCC VSYS Power Input
GND GND Ground
DIN GP11 SPI MOSI pin, input from the device data
CLK GP10 SPI SCK pin, input from the device clock
CS GP9 SPI chip select (low active)
DC GP8 Data/command control pin (high for data, low for command)
RST GP12 External reset pin
BL GP13 Backlight control
KEY0 GP15 User KEY0
KEY1 GP17 User KEY1
KEY2 GP2 User KEY2
KEY3 GP3 User KEY3

Connection (Directly)

Pico-LCD-1.44-details-3.jpg

Connection (with adapter board)

Pico-LCD-1.44-4.jpg

Setup environment

Please refer to Raspberry Pi's guide: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/pico/getting-started/

Download Demo codes

Open the terminal and run the following command:

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
cd ~
sudo wget  https://files.waveshare.com/upload/2/28/Pico_code.7z
7z x Pico_code.7z -o./Pico_code
cd ~/Pico_code
cd c/build/

Run the Demo codes

This guide is based on Raspberry Pi.

C examples

Open a terminal and enter the directory of C codes:

cd ~/Pico_code/c/

Modify the main.c file and define the type according to the type.

sudo nano main.c
Pico-LCD-1.44-5.jpg

Create a build folder and add SDK:
For example, if the path of SDK is ../../pico-sdk
Then you should create build and add the path like these:

mkdir build
cd build
export PICO_SDK_PATH=../../pico-sdk

Run cmake.. command to to generate Makefile file.

cmake ..

Run make command to build.

make -j

After building, a uf2 file is generated. You need to hold the button of the Pico board and connect it to Raspberry Pi or PC by USB cable. Then the Pico board is recognized as a portable drive (RPI-RP2). Copy the main.uf2 file generated to the drive.

cp main.uf2 /media/pi/RPI-RP2/

Python examples

  • Hold the button of the Pico board, and connect it to Raspberry Pi or PC by USB cable. Then the Pico board is recognized as a portable drive (RPI-RP2).
  • Copy the pico_micropython_20210121.uf2 file to the drive, the file is saved in the python directory.
  • Update your Thonny IDE to the newest version.
 sudo apt upgrade thonny       
  • Open the Thonny IDE, choose Tools -> Options... -> Interpreter/. Set the MicroPython to ARaspberry Pi Pico and the port is ttyACM0
  • Open the python/Pico-LCD-1.44/Pico-LCD-1.44.py file in IDE and run it.

Codes Analysis

C

Bottom hardware interface

We package the hardware layer for easily porting to the different hardware platforms.
DEV_Config.c(.h) in the directory:...\c\lib \Config

  • Data type:
#define UBYTE   uint8_t
#define UWORD   uint16_t
#define UDOUBLE uint32_t
  • Module initialize and exit:
void DEV_Module_Init(void);
void DEV_Module_Exit(void);
Note:
1. The functions above are used to initialize the display or exit handle.
  • GPIO write/read:
void 	DEV_Digital_Write(UWORD Pin, UBYTE Value);
UBYTE 	DEV_Digital_Read(UWORD Pin);
  • SPI transmits data
void DEV_SPI_WriteByte(UBYTE Value);

Application functions

We provide basic GUI functions for testing, like draw point, line, string, and so on. The GUI function can be found in directory:..\c\lib\GUI\GUI_Paint.c(.h).
LCD PICO GUI 1.png
The fonts used can be found in the directory: RaspberryPi\c\lib\Fonts.
LCD rpi Font.png

  • Create a new image, you can set the image name, width, height, rotate angle, and color.
void Paint_NewImage(UWORD *image, UWORD Width, UWORD Height, UWORD Rotate, UWORD Color, UWORD Depth)
Parameter:
 	image: Name of the image buffer, this is a pointer;
 	Width: Width of the image;
 	Height: Height of the image;
 	Rotate: Rotate the angle of the Image;
 	Color: The initial color of the image;
 	Depth: Depth of the color
  • Select image buffer: You can create multiple image buffers at the same time select a certain one and draw by this function.
void Paint_SelectImage(UBYTE *image)
Parameter:
 	image: The name of the image buffer, this is a pointer;
  • Rotate image: You need to set the rotation angle of the image, this function should be used after Paint_SelectImage(). The angle can be 0, 90, 180, 270
void Paint_SetRotate(UWORD Rotate)
Parameter:
 	Rotate: Rotate the angle of the image, the parameter can be ROTATE_0, ROTATE_90, ROTATE_180, ROTATE_270.
【Note】Afer rotating, the place of the first pixel is different as below
Pico LCD Rotate.jpg
  • Image mirror: This function is used to set the image mirror.
void Paint_SetMirroring(UBYTE mirror)
Parameter:
 	mirror: Mirror type if the image, the parameter can be MIRROR_NONE、MIRROR_HORIZONTAL、MIRROR_VERTICAL、MIRROR_ORIGIN.
  • Set the position and color of pixels: This is the basic function of GUI, it is used to set the position and color of a pixel in the buffer.
void Paint_SetPixel(UWORD Xpoint, UWORD Ypoint, UWORD Color)
Parameter:
 	Xpoint: The X-axis position of the point in the image buffer
 	Ypoint: The Y-axis position of the point in the image buffer
 	Color: The color of the point
  • Color of the image: To set the color of the image, this function always be used to clear the display.
void Paint_Clear(UWORD Color)
Parameter:
 	Color: The color of the image
  • Color of the windows: This function is used to set the color of windows, it is always used for updating partial areas like displaying a clock.
void Paint_ClearWindows(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, UWORD Xend, UWORD Yend, UWORD Color)
Parameter:
 	Xstart: X-axis position of the start point.
 	Ystart: Y-axis position of the start point.
 	Xend: X-axis position of the end point.
 	Yend: Y-axis position of the end point
 	Color: Color of the windows.
  • Draw point: Draw a point at the position (Xpoint, Ypoint) of the image buffer, you can configure the color, size, and style.
void Paint_DrawPoint(UWORD Xpoint, UWORD Ypoint, UWORD Color, DOT_PIXEL Dot_Pixel, DOT_STYLE Dot_Style)
Parameter:
 	Xpoint: X-axis position of the point.
 	Ypoint: Y-axis position of the point
 	Color: Color of the point
 	Dot_Pixel: Size of the point, 8 sizes are available.
 	 	 typedef enum {
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_1X1  = 1,	// 1 x 1
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_2X2  , 		// 2 X 2
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_3X3  , 	 	// 3 X 3
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_4X4  , 	 	// 4 X 4
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_5X5  , 		// 5 X 5
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_6X6  , 		// 6 X 6
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_7X7  , 		// 7 X 7
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_8X8  , 		// 8 X 8
 	 	} DOT_PIXEL;
 	Dot_Style: The style of the point, defines the extended mode of the point.
 	 	typedef enum {
 	 	   DOT_FILL_AROUND  = 1,		
 	 	   DOT_FILL_RIGHTUP,
 	 	} DOT_STYLE;
  • Draw the line: Draw a line from (Xstart, Ystart) to (Xend, Yend) in the image buffer, you can configure the color, width, and style.
void Paint_DrawLine(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, UWORD Xend, UWORD Yend, UWORD Color, LINE_STYLE Line_Style , LINE_STYLE Line_Style)
Parameter:
 	Xstart: Xstart of the line
 	Ystart: Ystart of the line
 	Xend: Xend of the line
 	Yend: Yend of the line
 	Color: The color of the line
 	Line_width: Width of the line, 8 sizes are available.
 	 	typedef enum {
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_1X1  = 1,	// 1 x 1
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_2X2  , 		// 2 X 2
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_3X3  ,		// 3 X 3
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_4X4  ,		// 4 X 4
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_5X5  , 		// 5 X 5
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_6X6  , 		// 6 X 6
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_7X7  , 		// 7 X 7
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_8X8  , 		// 8 X 8
 	 	} DOT_PIXEL;
 	 Line_Style: Style of the line, Solid or Dotted.
 	 	typedef enum {
 	 	 	 LINE_STYLE_SOLID = 0,
 	 	 	 LINE_STYLE_DOTTED,
 	 	} LINE_STYLE;
  • Draw a rectangle: Draw a rectangle from (Xstart, Ystart) to (Xend, Yend), you can configure the color, width, and style.
void Paint_DrawRectangle(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, UWORD Xend, UWORD Yend, UWORD Color, DOT_PIXEL Line_width, DRAW_FILL Draw_Fill)
Parameter:
 	Xstart: Xstart of the rectangle.
 	Ystart: Ystart of the rectangle.
 	Xend: Xend of the rectangle.
 	Yend: Yend of the rectangle.
 	Color: The color of the rectangle
 	Line_width: The width of the edges. 8 sizes are available.
 	 	typedef enum {
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_1X1  = 1,	// 1 x 1
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_2X2  , 		// 2 X 2
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_3X3  ,		// 3 X 3
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_4X4  ,		// 4 X 4
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_5X5  , 		// 5 X 5
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_6X6  , 		// 6 X 6
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_7X7  , 		// 7 X 7
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_8X8  , 		// 8 X 8
 	 	} DOT_PIXEL;
 	Draw_Fill: Style of the rectangle, empty or filled.
 	 	typedef enum {
 	 	 	 DRAW_FILL_EMPTY = 0,
 	 	 	 DRAW_FILL_FULL,
 	 	} DRAW_FILL;
  • Draw circle: Draw a circle in the image buffer, using (X_Center Y_Center) as the center and Radius as the radius. You can configure the color, width of the line, and the style of the circle.
void Paint_DrawCircle(UWORD X_Center, UWORD Y_Center, UWORD Radius, UWORD Color, DOT_PIXEL Line_width, DRAW_FILL Draw_Fill)
Parameter:
 	X_Center: X-axis of center
 	Y_Center: Y-axis of center
 	Radius: radius of circle
 	Color: The color of the circle
 	Line_width: The width of the arc, 8 sizes are available.
 	 	typedef enum {
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_1X1  = 1,	// 1 x 1
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_2X2  , 		// 2 X 2
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_3X3  ,		// 3 X 3
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_4X4  ,		// 4 X 4
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_5X5  , 		// 5 X 5
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_6X6  , 		// 6 X 6
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_7X7  , 		// 7 X 7
 	 	 	 DOT_PIXEL_8X8  , 		// 8 X 8
 	 	} DOT_PIXEL;
 	Draw_Fill: Style of the circle: empty or filled.
 	 	typedef enum {
 	 	 	 DRAW_FILL_EMPTY = 0,
 	 	 	 DRAW_FILL_FULL,
 	 	} DRAW_FILL;
  • Show Ascii character: Show a character in (Xstart, Ystart) position, you can configure the font, foreground, and background.
void Paint_DrawChar(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, const char Ascii_Char, sFONT* Font, UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background)
Parameter:
 	Xstart: Xstart of the character
 	Ystart: Ystart of the character
 	Ascii_Char: Ascii char
 	Font: five fonts are available:
 	 	font8:5*8
 	 	font12:7*12
 	 	font16:11*16
 	 	font20:14*20
 	 	font24:17*24
 	Color_Foreground: foreground color
 	Color_Background: background color
  • Draw string: Draw string at (Xstart Ystart), you can configure the fonts, foreground, and the background
void Paint_DrawString_EN(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, const char * pString, sFONT* Font, UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background)
Parameter:
 	Xstart: Xstart of the string
 	Ystart: Ystart of the string
 	pString:String
 	Font: five fonts are available:
 	 	font8:5*8
 	 	font12:7*12
 	 	font16:11*16
 	 	font20:14*20
 	 	font24:17*24的
 	Color_Foreground: foreground color
 	Color_Background: background color
  • Draw Chinese string: Draw Chinese string at (Xstart Ystart) of image buffer. You can configure fonts (GB2312), foreground, and the background.
void Paint_DrawString_CN(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, const char * pString, cFONT* font, UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background)
Parameter:
 	Xstart: Xstart of string
 	Ystart: Ystart of string
 	pString: string
 	Font: GB2312 fonts, two fonts are available                                                                                 :
 	 	font12CN:ascii 11*21,Chinese 16*21
 	 	font24CN:ascii 24*41,Chinese 32*41
 	Color_Foreground: Foreground color
 	Color_Background: Background color
  • Draw number: In the image buffer, at (Xstart Ystart) as the left vertex, write a string of numbers, you can choose the Ascii font, font foreground color, or font background color.
void Paint_DrawNum(UWORD Xpoint, UWORD Ypoint, double Nummber, sFONT* Font, UWORD Digit,UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background);
Parameter:
 	Xstart: Left vertex X coordinate
 	Ystart: Left vertex Y coordinate
 	Nummber: The displayed number is stored in a 32-bit int type, which can be displayed up to 2147483647.
 	 	font8:5*8
 	 	font12:7*12
 	 	font16:11*16
 	 	font20:14*20
 	 	font24:17*24
        Digit: Display decimal places
 	Color_Foreground: Foreground color
 	Color_Background: Background color
  • Display time: Display time at (Xstart Ystart) of the image buffer, you can configure fonts, foreground, and background.
void Paint_DrawTime(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, PAINT_TIME *pTime, sFONT* Font, UWORD Color_Background, UWORD Color_Foreground)
Parameter:
 	Xstart: Xstart of time
 	Ystart: Ystart of time
 	pTime: Structure of time
 	Font: Ascii font, five fonts are available
 	 	font8:5*8
 	 	font12:7*12
 	 	font16:11*16
 	 	font20:14*20
 	 	font24:17*24
 	Color_Foreground: Foreground
 	Color_Background: Background


Resource

Document

Examples

Drawings

Development Software

Pico Quick Start

Download Firmware

  • MicroPython Firmware Download

MicroPython Firmware Download.gif

  • C_Blink Firmware Download

C Blink Download.gif

Video Tutorial

  • Pico Tutorial I - Basic Introduction

  • Pico Tutorial II - GPIO

  • Pico Tutorial III - PWM

  • Pico Tutorial IV - ADC

  • Pico Tutorial V - UART

  • Pico Tutorial VI - To be continued...

MicroPython Series

C/C++ Series

Arduino IDE Series

Install Arduino IDE

  1. Download the Arduino IDE installation package from Arduino website.
    RoArm-M1 Tutorial II01.jpg
  2. Just click on "JUST DOWNLOAD".
    Arduino IDE Pico.png
  3. Click to install after downloading.
    RoArm-M1 Tutorial II02.gif
  4. Note: You will be prompted to install the driver during the installation process, we can click Install.

Install Arduino-Pico Core on Arduino IDE

  1. Open Arduino IDE, click the File on the left corner and choose "Preferences".
    RoArm-M1 Tutorial04.jpg
  2. Add the following link in the additional development board manager URL, then click OK.
    https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/releases/download/global/package_rp2040_index.json

    RoArm-M1 Tutorial II05.jpg
    Note: If you already have the ESP8266 board URL, you can separate the URLs with commas like this:

    https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json,https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/releases/download/global/package_rp2040_index.json
    
  3. Click on Tools -> Dev Board -> Dev Board Manager -> Search for pico, it shows installed since my computer has already installed it.
    Pico Get Start 05.png
    Pico Get Start 06.png

Upload Demo At the First Time

  1. Press and hold the BOOTSET button on the Pico board, connect the Pico to the USB port of the computer via the Micro USB cable, and release the button when the computer recognizes a removable hard drive (RPI-RP2).
    Pico Get Start.gif
  2. Download the demo, open arduino\PWM\D1-LED path under the D1-LED.ino.
  3. Click Tools -> Port, remember the existing COM, do not need to click this COM (different computers show different COM, remember the existing COM on your computer).
    UGV1 doenload02EN.png
  4. Connect the driver board to the computer with a USB cable, then click Tools -> Ports, select uf2 Board for the first connection, and after the upload is complete, connecting again will result in an additional COM port.
    UGV1 doenload03EN.png
  5. Click Tool -> Dev Board -> Raspberry Pi Pico/RP2040 -> Raspberry Pi Pico.
    Pico Get Start02.png
  6. After setting, click the right arrow to upload.
    Pico Get Start03.png
    • If you encounter problems during the period, you need to reinstall or replace the Arduino IDE version, uninstall the Arduino IDE needs to be uninstalled cleanly, after uninstalling the software you need to manually delete all the contents of the folder C:\Users\[name]\AppData\Local\Arduino15 (you need to show the hidden files in order to see it) and then reinstall.


Open Source Demo

Support



Technical Support

If you need technical support or have any feedback/review, please click the Submit Now button to submit a ticket, Our support team will check and reply to you within 1 to 2 working days. Please be patient as we make every effort to help you to resolve the issue.
Working Time: 9 AM - 6 AM GMT+8 (Monday to Friday)