Dust Sensor

Dust Sensor Dust Sensor, A simple Air Monitor

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Primary Attribute Category: Modules, Sensors {{{userDefinedInfo}}}: {{{userdefinedvalue}}} Brand: Waveshare

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Onboard Interfaces AD

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Overview

• Onboard sharp GP2Y1010AU0F, detecting fine particles larger than 0.8μm in diameter, even like cigarette smoke.
• Low power consumption, analog voltage output, the output level is linear with dust density.
• Embedded voltage boost circuit to support a wide range of power supplies.

Specifications

• Sensitivity : 0.5V/(100μg/m3)
• Measurement range: 500μg/m3
• Power: 2.5V~5.5V
• Operating current : 20mA(max)
• Operating temperature: -10℃~65℃
• Storage temperature: -20℃~80℃
• Lifetime: 5 years
• Dimension : 63.2mm × 41.3mm × 21.1mm
• Mounting holes size: 2.0mm
• Air hole size: 9.0mm

Sensor Characteristics

The output voltage of the module is proportional to dust density in the range of 0 to 0.5mg/m3.

Control principle

• Enable the internal infrared emitting diode by setting the pin ILED to HIGH.
• Wait 0.28ms, then the external controller starts to sample the voltage from the pin AOUT of the module. Notes that the output wave will take 0.28ms to reach steady-state after the internal infrared emitting diode is enabled.
  

Pinouts

PIN	Description
VCC	2.5V-5.5V
GND	Power ground
AOUT	Analog data output
ILED	Driver pin of internal LED

Get Started at Pico

If you are the first time o use the Pico, you need to first learn how to get started at the Pico before you run other examples.
The Pico supports C and the Micropython which requires different firmware.
In most of the examples archives (Demo codes), we provide a Micropython firmware (uf2 file), we recommend you to use the provided firmware to test the board. Because the codes may run abnormally with different firmware.
If the board is tested to be workable, you can also download the newest firmware from Raspberry Pi and do further programming.

• If you want to use C codes, please refer to the C/C++ Guides
  • Raspberry Pi Pico C/C++ SDK
• If you want to use Micropython codes, please refer to the Micropython Guides.
  • Raspberry Pi Pico Python SDK
• The link of the newest Micropython firmware of Pico
  • Micropython firmware of Raspberry Pi Pico
• Official Guides of Raspberry Pi Pico
  • Document of Raspberry Pi Pico

Hardware Connection

Sensor	Pico	Description
VCC	3.3V	Power input
GMD	GND	Power ground
AOUT	GP26	Analog data output
ILED	GP22	Driver pin of internal LED

Download examples

Use Raspberry Pi as the host device. Open a terminal and run the following commands to download the example.

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
cd ~
sudo wget  https://www.waveshare.com/w/upload/2/2a/Dust-Sensor-code.7z
7z x Dust-Sensor-code.7z -o./Dust-Sensor-code
cd ~/Dust-Sensor-code
cd Pico/c/build/

Examples

C codes

• go into the c directory

cd ~/Dust-Sensor-code/Pico/c/build

• Add the path of SDK

export PICO_SDK_PATH=../../pico-sdk

Note that if the path of your SDK is different, you need to modify the command and use the correct path to export

• Generate Makefile and build

cmake ..
make -j9

• After building, a uf2 file is generated
• Press and hold the button of Pico, connect it to Raspberry Pi then release the button.
• Copy/Drag the uf2 file to the portable disk (RPI-RP2) recognized

cp main.uf2 /media/pi/RPI-RP2/

Micropython codes

Use in Windows

• 1. Press and hold the BOOTSET button on the Pico board, connect the Pico to the USB port of the computer through the Micro USB cable, and release the button after the computer recognizes a removable hard disk (RPI-RP2).
  
• 2. Copy the Rp2-pico-20210418-v1.15.7z file in the python directory to the recognized removable disk (RPI-RP2).
  
• 3. Open Thonny IDE (Note: Use the latest version of Thonny, otherwise there is no Pico support package, the latest version under Windows is v3.3.3).
  
• 4. Click Tools->Settings->Interpreter, and select Pico and the corresponding port as shown in the figure.
  

• 5. File -> Open -> the corresponding .py file, click to run, as shown in the following figure:

This demo provides a simple program...

Use in Raspberry Pi

• Flash the Micropython firmware first
• Open the Thonny IDE (Menu->Programming->Thonny Python IDE).
• 【Optional】If the Thonny IDE in the Raspberry Pi is not the new version that supports Pico, please upgrade it first.

sudo apt upgrade thonny

• Configure Interpreter, choose Tools->Options... -> Interpreter, choose MicroPython(Raspberry Pi Pico) and the ttyACM0 port.

• Click File -> Open.. and browser the Micropython codes (Photo Interrupter Sensor.py) to run the codes.

Expected result

• The dust data are printed to serial port:

Reference:

Air quality criterion

PM2.5 density value(μg/m3)	Air quality index AQI	Air quality level	Air quality evaluation
0-35	0-50	Ⅰ	Excellent
35-75	51-100	Ⅱ	Average
75-115	101-150	Ⅲ	Light pollution
115-150	151-200	Ⅳ	Moderate pollution
150-250	201-300	Ⅴ	Heavy pollution
250-500	≥300	Ⅵ	Serious pullution

The STM32 examples are based on the STM32F103RBT6 and the STM32H743. The connection provided below is based on the STM32F103RB. If you need to use other STM32 boards, you may need to change the hardware connection and port the code yourself.

Use with STM32

Hardware connection

Connect to the Development Board

• The following sections describe the specific operation steps and experimental phenomena, using four different types of development boards as examples.

Open103R (STM32F103R)

1. Compile and download the demo.
2. Through the serial module, connect the development board USART2 interface to the computer, and the serial debug assistant is set as follows:

Baudrate	115200
Data Bit	8
Stop Bit	1
Parity Bit	None
Flow Control	None

3. Sensor module connection:

Sensor and Open103R Pin Correspondence Table

Module	Development Board
VCC	3.3V或5V
GND	GND
AOUT	GPIOA.6
ILED	GPIOA.7

Open407Z-C (STM32F407Z)

1. Compile and download the demo.
2. Through the serial module, connect the development board USART2 interface to the computer, and the serial debug assistant is set as follows:

Baud Rate	115200
Data Bit	8
Stop Bit	1
Parity Bit	None
Flow Control	None

3. Sensor module connection:

Sensor and Open407Z-C Pinout Correspondence Table

Module	Development Board
VCC	3.3V/5V
GND	GND
AOUT	GPIOA.6
ILED	GPIOA.7

NUCLEO-F103RB (STM32F103R)

This development board demo program is divided into Mbed and ST Library two versions. The operation procedures and experimental phenomena are the same.
1. Compile and download the demo.
2. Connect the development board to the computer through the USB interface, and set the serial debug assistant as follows:

Baud Rate	115200
Data Bit	8
Stop Bit	1
Parity Bit	None
Flow Control	None

3. Sensor module connection:

Sensor and XNUCLEO-F103RB Pin Correspondence Table

Module	Development Board
VCC	3.3V/5V
GND	GND
AOUT	A6
ILED	A4

The connection provided is the pinout of the corresponding STM32F103RBT6 as an example, if there is a need to use another STM32, please connect according to the actual pins!
Flame sensor, Hall sensor, infrared proximity sensor, liquid level sensor, soil sensor, MQ5 gas sensor, sound sensor, and UV sensor these modules pin out the same, here is the MQ5 gas sensor module with STM32F103RBT6 as an example (according to the table for connection, the diagram is for reference only):

Examples

The examples are developed based on the HAL libraries. Download the Demo codes archive to your PC. Unzip and find the STM32 project from Dust-Sensor-code\STM32\STM32F103RB\MDK-ARM.

• Open the Dust Sensor.uvprojx file by Keil
• Build and the project
• Program the project to your STM32 board.
• Connect the UART1 of your STM32 board to the PC and check the serial data by SSCOM software.

Reference:

Air quality criterion

PM2.5 density value(μg/m3)	Air quality index AQI	Air quality level	Air quality evaluation
0-35	0-50	Ⅰ	Excellent
35-75	51-100	Ⅱ	Average
75-115	101-150	Ⅲ	Light pollution
115-150	151-200	Ⅳ	Moderate pollution
150-250	201-300	Ⅴ	Heavy pollution
250-500	≥300	Ⅵ	Serious pullution

The Arduino example is written for the Arduino UNO. If you want to connect it to other Arduino boards, you may need to change the connection.

Use with Arduino

Hardware connection

Sensor	Arduino	Description
VCC	5V	Power input
GMD	GND	Power ground
AOUT	A0	Analog data output
ILED	D7	Drive pin of the internal LED

Examples

• How to Install Arduino IDE
• Download the demo codes to your PC and unzip
• Install the Arduino IDE in your PC
• Go into Dust-Sensor-code/Arduino/Dust_Sensor
• Run the Dust_Senosr.ino file
• Select the correct Board and the Port

• Build the project and upload it to the board.
• Open the serial monitor of the Arduino IDE or the SSCOM software and check the serial data.

Reference:

Air quality criterion

PM2.5 density value(μg/m3)	Air quality index AQI	Air quality level	Air quality evaluation
0-35	0-50	Ⅰ	Excellent
35-75	51-100	Ⅱ	Average
75-115	101-150	Ⅲ	Light pollution
115-150	151-200	Ⅳ	Moderate pollution
150-250	201-300	Ⅴ	Heavy pollution
250-500	≥300	Ⅵ	Serious pullution

Resources

• GP2Y1010AU0F | GP2Y1014AU0F
• User Manual
• Schematic
• Dimensions
• Demo Code
• Software

FAQ

Support

Support

If you require technical support, please go to the Support page and open a ticket.